What does METAR & TAF cover?
METARs (observations) and TAFs (forecasts) are the coded weather messages every pilot reads before and during flight. The exam tests whether you can decode them quickly and correctly, including the trend and change groups.
What this subject covers
- METAR structure: wind, visibility, weather, cloud, temp/dew point, QNH
- TAF structure and validity periods
- Change groups: BECMG, TEMPO, PROB, FM
- Present-weather abbreviations and intensity
Study tip
Decode real reports repeatedly until the format is automatic — speed matters, and the change groups (TEMPO/BECMG/PROB) are where most marks are lost.
Frequently asked questions
What's the difference between a METAR and a TAF?
A METAR is an observation of actual current weather at an aerodrome; a TAF is a forecast for a defined validity period.
What does TEMPO mean in a TAF?
Temporary fluctuations expected to last less than an hour each and, in total, less than half the indicated period.
